completed entity changes to renderer/render_group

can now use rgInitSingle() to initializa a render_group with only one
group of buffers (render_object)

src/render_group.cpp

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 render_object * allocateRenderObject(uint buffer_len, uint index_len = 0);
 void freeRenderObject(render_object* ro);
 bool convertMeshInfo(meMeshInfo* mesh, render_object* ro, bool use_normals);
-void sendBufferToGL(gl_buffer* buffer, GLenum usage, GLenum target);
 void sendIndexBufferToGL(gl_index_buffer* index_buffer, GLenum usage, GLenum target);
 void drawRenderObject(render_group* rg, render_object* ro,
 		glm::mat4 model_matrix, glm::mat4 view_matrix, glm::mat4 projection_matrix,
@@ -29,6 +28,29 @@ void drawRenderObject(render_group* rg, render_object* ro,
 
 // interface
 
+render_group*
+rgInitSingle(rg_shader_program& sp, uint vertex_buffer_len,
+			bool use_normals, uint index_buffer_len,
+			GLenum draw_mode)
+{
+	render_group* rg = UTIL_ALLOC(1, render_group);
+	rg->shader = sp;
+	rg->use_normals = use_normals;
+	rg->draw_indexed = (index_buffer_len > 0);
+	rg->draw_mode = draw_mode;
+
+	rg->render_objects = UTIL_ALLOC(1, render_object*);
+	rg->render_objects[0] = allocateRenderObject(vertex_buffer_len, index_buffer_len);
+	rg->num_objects = 1;
+
+	if (rg->render_objects[0] == nullptr) {
+		LOG(ERROR) << "Allocation Error\n";
+		rgFree(rg);
+	}
+
+	return rg;
+}
+
 bool
 rgInitShaderProgram(rg_shader_program& sp, const char * vertex_code, const char * frag_code)
 {
@@ -59,7 +81,6 @@ rgInitShaderProgram(rg_shader_program& sp, const char * vertex_code, const char
 
 	// TODO: quick hack to allow 'dynamic' stack allocation for msvc
 	// 	also remove INFO_LOG_MAX_LENGTH define
-#if 1
 	GLint isLinked = 0;
 	glGetProgramiv(sp.program_id, GL_LINK_STATUS, &isLinked);
 	if (isLinked == GL_FALSE) {
@@ -76,42 +97,19 @@ rgInitShaderProgram(rg_shader_program& sp, const char * vertex_code, const char
 
 		return false;
 	}
-#endif
 
 	return true;
 }
 
-// TODO: should pass in a buffer of colors here instead of hexes, move to renderer.cpp
-// 	we don't need to know about hexes here
-#if 0
-void
-rgFillColorBuffer(GLfloat buf[], int len, std::vector<hex_info>* hexes)
-{
-	int buf_idx;
-	int buf_len_per_hex = 54; // NOTE: 3 * 3 * 6
-	GLfloat color_buf[3];
-	for (int i = 0; i < (int) hexes->size(); i++)
-	{
-		buf_idx = i * buf_len_per_hex;
-		hex_info hxi = (*hexes)[i];
-		utilConvertColor(color_buf, hxi.current_color);
-
-		for (int j = 0; j < buf_len_per_hex; j+=3)
-		{
-			buf[buf_idx + j] = color_buf[0];
-			buf[buf_idx + j + 1] = color_buf[1];
-			buf[buf_idx + j + 2] = color_buf[2];
-		}
-	}
-}
-#endif
-
+// TODO: move Entity initialization to Entity.h/.cpp to fix circular dependancy
+// 	then just call into convertMeshInfo directly
 bool
 rgInitEntity(Entity* e)
 {
 	render_group* rg = UTIL_ALLOC(1, render_group);
 	e->ren_group = rg;
 	rg->draw_indexed = true;
+	rg->draw_mode = GL_TRIANGLES;
 	rg->use_normals = e->mesh_group.use_normals;
 	uint num_meshes = rg->num_objects = e->mesh_group.num_meshes;
 
@@ -139,13 +137,21 @@ rgInitEntity(Entity* e)
 	return true;
 }
 
+void
+rgBufferData(gl_buffer* buffer, GLenum usage, GLenum target)
+{
+	glGenBuffers(1, &buffer->buffer_id);
+	glBindBuffer(target, buffer->buffer_id);
+	glBufferData(target, buffer->buffer_len * sizeof(GLfloat), buffer->buffer, usage);
+}
+
 void
 rgDraw(render_group* rg, glm::mat4 model_matrix, glm::mat4 view_matrix, glm::mat4 projection_matrix,
 		glm::vec3 light_position, GLuint light_id, bool update_vertex_data)
 {
 	for (uint i = 0; i < rg->num_objects; i++) {
 		drawRenderObject(rg, rg->render_objects[i], model_matrix, view_matrix, projection_matrix,
-				light_position, light_id, false);
+				light_position, light_id, update_vertex_data);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -160,6 +166,7 @@ rgFree(render_group* rg)
 	for (uint i = 0; i < rg->num_objects; i++)
 		freeRenderObject(rg->render_objects[i]);
 
+	utilSafeFree(rg->render_objects);
 	utilSafeFree(rg);
 }
 
@@ -208,14 +215,6 @@ freeRenderObject(render_object* ro)
 	utilSafeFree(ro);
 }
 
-void
-sendBufferToGL(gl_buffer* buffer, GLenum usage, GLenum target)
-{
-	glGenBuffers(1, &buffer->buffer_id);
-	glBindBuffer(target, buffer->buffer_id);
-	glBufferData(target, buffer->buffer_len * sizeof(GLfloat), buffer->buffer, usage);
-}
-
 void
 sendIndexBufferToGL(gl_index_buffer* index_buffer, GLenum usage, GLenum target)
 {
@@ -271,10 +270,10 @@ convertMeshInfo(meMeshInfo* mesh, render_object* ro, bool use_normals)
 	for (uint i = 0; i < mesh->num_indices; i++)
 		index_buf[i] = mesh->indices[i];
 
-	sendBufferToGL(&ro->vertex_buffer, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
-	sendBufferToGL(&ro->color_buffer, GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
+	rgBufferData(&ro->vertex_buffer, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
+	rgBufferData(&ro->color_buffer, GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
 	if (use_normals)
-		sendBufferToGL(&ro->normal_buffer, GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
+		rgBufferData(&ro->normal_buffer, GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
 	sendIndexBufferToGL(&ro->index_buffer, GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER);
 
 	return true;
@@ -314,7 +313,6 @@ drawRenderObject(render_group* rg, render_object* ro,
 	}
 
 	// 3rd attribute buffer: normals
-#if 1
 	if (rg->use_normals) {
 		glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
 		glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, ro->normal_buffer.buffer_id);
@@ -325,17 +323,13 @@ drawRenderObject(render_group* rg, render_object* ro,
 		glm::mat3 normal_matrix = glm::transpose(glm::inverse(glm::mat3(model_matrix)));
 		glUniformMatrix3fv(rg->shader.normal_matrix_id, 1, GL_FALSE, &normal_matrix[0][0]);
 	}
-#endif
 
 	// draw
 	if (rg->draw_indexed) {
 		glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, ro->index_buffer.buffer_id);
-		// TODO: find out why rg->draw_mode isn't being preserved as GL_TRIANGLES
-		//glDrawElements(rg->draw_mode, ro->index_buffer.buffer_len, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
-		glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, ro->index_buffer.buffer_len, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
+		glDrawElements(rg->draw_mode, ro->index_buffer.buffer_len, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
 	} else {
-		//glDrawArrays(rg->draw_mode, 0, ro->vertex_buffer.buffer_len / 3);
-		glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, ro->vertex_buffer.buffer_len / 3);
+		glDrawArrays(rg->draw_mode, 0, ro->vertex_buffer.buffer_len / 3);
 	}
 	
 	// cleanup

src/render_group.h

@@ -53,10 +53,18 @@ struct render_group
 	GLenum draw_mode = GL_TRIANGLES;
 };
 
+// NOTE: initializes a render_group with 1 render_object allocated
+render_group* rgInitSingle(rg_shader_program& sp, uint vertex_buffer_len,
+						bool use_normals = false, uint index_buffer_len = 0,
+						GLenum draw_mode = GL_TRIANGLES);
+
 bool rgInitShaderProgram(rg_shader_program& sp, const char * vertex_code, const char * frag_code);
 
 bool rgInitEntity(Entity* e);
 
+void
+rgBufferData(gl_buffer* buffer, GLenum usage, GLenum target);
+
 // TODO: fix this function to use just buffers instead of hexes
 //void rgFillColorBuffer(GLfloat buf[], int len, std::vector<hex_info>* hexes);
 

src/renderer.cpp

@@ -83,11 +83,23 @@ struct camera
 };
 
 
+// forward declarations
+void initMatrices(projection_type p);
+void openglDebugCallback(GLenum source, GLenum type, GLuint id, GLenum severity,
+					GLsizei length, const GLchar* message, const void* userParam);
+bool initHexGridBuffers(std::vector<hex_info>* hexes);
+void fillTriangleBufferFromHex(GLfloat buf[], int idx,  const hex_info &hex);
+void fillColorBuffer(GLfloat buf[], int len, std::vector<hex_info>* hexes);
+void fillHexLineBuffer(GLfloat buf[], int len, std::vector<hex_info>* hexes);
+
+
 // globals
 static gl_matrix_info g_scene_matrices;
 static render_group* g_filled_hex_render_group;
 static render_group* g_hex_line_render_group;
 static render_group* g_debug_render_group;
+static rg_shader_program g_default_shader;
+static rg_shader_program g_line_shader;
 // NOTE: entity render_group pointers are kept in the entity struct
 static camera g_camera;
 
@@ -95,125 +107,7 @@ static camera g_camera;
 static renPointLight g_test_light;
 
 
-bool
-addTexture(SDL_Handles &handles, const char * path)
-{
-	// testing
-	LOG(INFO) << "Loading image: " << path << "\n";
-	SDL_Surface* image = IMG_Load(path);
-
-	if (!image)
-	{
-		LOG(ERROR) << "IMG_Load: " << IMG_GetError() << "\n";
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	GLuint tex_id;
-	glGenTextures(1, &tex_id);
-	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex_id);
-	glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, 0);
-	glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, image->w, image->h, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, image->pixels);
-	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
-	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
-
-	// store opengl id in SDL_Surface.userdat
-	image->userdata = (void*)(intptr_t) tex_id;
-	handles.texSurfaces.push_back(image);
-
-	return true;
-}
-
-v2f
-getUnprojectedCoords(int32 x, int32 y, int32 vp_width, int32 vp_height)
-{
-	// NOTE: using depth buffer may not be as accurate as doing ray-cast
-	GLfloat depth;
-	glReadPixels(x, y, 1, 1, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, GL_FLOAT, &depth);
-	glm::vec4 viewport = glm::vec4(0, 0, vp_width, vp_height);
-	glm::vec3 wincoord = glm::vec3(x, y, depth);
-	glm::vec3 vU = glm::unProject(wincoord, g_scene_matrices.view, g_scene_matrices.projection, viewport);
-	v2f v(vU.x, vU.y);
-
-	return v;
-}
-
-v3f
-getCameraPosition()
-{
-	return v3f(g_camera.position.x, g_camera.position.y, g_camera.position.z);
-}
-
-void
-initMatrices(projection_type p)
-{
-	// TODO: many constants used here should be passed as args
-
-	if (p == PERSPECTIVE)
-	{
-		g_scene_matrices.projection = glm::infinitePerspective(
-			glm::radians(60.f), // FoV
-			16.f / 9.f, // ascpect ratio
-			0.1f // near clip plane
-		);
-
-		g_camera.position = glm::vec3(640,0,100); 
-		g_camera.target = glm::vec3(640,500,0);
-		//g_camera.target = glm::vec3(0,0,0);
-		// inital rotation should match target direction
-		glm::vec3 &p = g_camera.position;
-		glm::vec3 &t = g_camera.target;
-		g_camera.hAngle = 0;
-		g_camera.vAngle = glm::atan((t.z - p.z) / (t.y - p.y));
-		
-		//////
-		// TODO: add call to rotate camera here to remove duplicate code
-		camera &c = g_camera;
-		float &h = c.hAngle;
-		float &v = c.vAngle;
-		c.forward = glm::vec3(
-			glm::cos(v) * glm::sin(h),
-			glm::cos(v) * glm::cos(h),
-			glm::sin(v)
-		);
-
-		glm::normalize(c.forward);
-		//////
-
-		g_camera.up = glm::vec3(0,1,0);
-		g_camera.left = glm::normalize(glm::cross(g_camera.up, g_camera.forward));
-		g_camera.up = glm::normalize(glm::cross(g_camera.forward, g_camera.left));
-
-		g_scene_matrices.view = glm::lookAt(
-			g_camera.position, // camera position
-			g_camera.position + g_camera.forward,
-			g_camera.up // "up" vector
-		);
-	}
-	else // ORTHO
-	{
-		// left, right, bottom, top, zNear, zFar
-		g_scene_matrices.projection = glm::ortho(0.f, 1280.0f, 0.f, 720.0f, 0.1f, 100.0f);
-		g_scene_matrices.view = glm::lookAt(
-			glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f),	// camera position
-			glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),	// look at position
-			glm::vec3(0,1,0)				// "up" vector
-		);
-	}	
-
-	g_scene_matrices.model = glm::mat4(1.0f);
-	g_scene_matrices.MVP = g_scene_matrices.projection * g_scene_matrices.view * g_scene_matrices.model; 
-}
-
-void
-openglDebugCallback(GLenum source, GLenum type, GLuint id, GLenum severity,
-					GLsizei length, const GLchar* message, const void* userParam)
-{
-	LOG((type == GL_DEBUG_TYPE_ERROR) ? ERROR : DEBUG)
-		<< (type == GL_DEBUG_TYPE_ERROR ? "** GL ERROR **" : "")
-		<< ", type: " << type
-		<< ", severity: " << severity
-		<< ", message: " << message << "\n";
-}
+// interface
 
 bool
 initRenderer(SDL_Handles &handles, v2i vpDims)
@@ -258,15 +152,10 @@ initRenderer(SDL_Handles &handles, v2i vpDims)
 	
 	glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
 	glEnable(GL_LINE_SMOOTH);
-
-	// TODO: blending, these options break the http://www.opengl-tutorial.org tutorials atm
-	// Setup render state: alpha-blending enabled, polygon fill
-#if 1
 	glEnable(GL_BLEND);
 	glBlendEquation(GL_FUNC_ADD);
 	glBlendFunc(GL_ONE, GL_SRC_ALPHA);
 	glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_FILL);
-#endif
 
 	// TODO: glDebugMessageCallback is only availabe  from >v4.3
 	//  check and warn if context doesn't support this function here
@@ -275,16 +164,10 @@ initRenderer(SDL_Handles &handles, v2i vpDims)
 	// hide VRAM debug messages
 	glDebugMessageControl(GL_DONT_CARE, 33361, GL_DONT_CARE, 0, 0, GL_FALSE);
 
-	g_filled_hex_render_group = UTIL_ALLOC(1, render_group);
-	g_hex_line_render_group = UTIL_ALLOC(1, render_group);
-	g_debug_render_group = UTIL_ALLOC(1, render_group);
-#if 0
 	const char* vs_code = utilDumpTextFile(DEFAULT_VERTEX_SHADER_FILE);
 	const char* fs_code = utilDumpTextFile(DEFAULT_FRAGMENT_SHADER_FILE);
 
-	bool shader_error = (!rgInitShaderProgram(&g_filled_hex_render_group, vs_code, fs_code)
-		|| !rgInitShaderProgram(&g_hex_line_render_group, vs_code, LINE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_CODE)
-		|| !rgInitShaderProgram(&g_debug_render_group, vs_code, DEBUG_FRAGMENT_SHADER_CODE));
+	bool shader_error = !rgInitShaderProgram(g_default_shader, vs_code, fs_code);
 
 	utilSafeFree(vs_code);
 	utilSafeFree(fs_code);
@@ -292,167 +175,102 @@ initRenderer(SDL_Handles &handles, v2i vpDims)
 	if (shader_error) {
 		LOG(ERROR) << "Error initializing shader program\n";
 		return false;
-	} else {
-		return true;
 	}
-#else
+
 	return true;
-#endif
 }
 
-void
-fillTriangleBufferFromHex(GLfloat buf[], int idx,  const hex_info &hex)
+bool
+addTexture(SDL_Handles &handles, const char * path)
 {
-	// triangles
-	for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
+	// testing
+	LOG(INFO) << "Loading image: " << path << "\n";
+	SDL_Surface* image = IMG_Load(path);
+
+	if (!image)
 	{
-		// vertex 0
-		buf[idx + 0] = (GLfloat) hex.XPos;
-		buf[idx + 1] = (GLfloat) hex.YPos;
-		buf[idx + 2] = (GLfloat) 0.f;
+		LOG(ERROR) << "IMG_Load: " << IMG_GetError() << "\n";
+		return false;
+	}
 
-		// vertex 1
-		buf[idx + 3] = (GLfloat) hex.vertices[i].x;
-		buf[idx + 4] = (GLfloat) hex.vertices[i].y;
-		buf[idx + 5] = (GLfloat) 0.f;
+	GLuint tex_id;
+	glGenTextures(1, &tex_id);
+	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex_id);
+	glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, 0);
+	glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, image->w, image->h, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, image->pixels);
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
 
-		if (i == 5)	// re-use the first point for the last triangle
-		{
-			// vertex 2
-			buf[idx + 6] = (GLfloat) hex.vertices[0].x;
-			buf[idx + 7] = (GLfloat) hex.vertices[0].y;
-			buf[idx + 8] = (GLfloat) 0.f;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			// vertex 2
-			buf[idx + 6] = (GLfloat) hex.vertices[i + 1].x;
-			buf[idx + 7] = (GLfloat) hex.vertices[i + 1].y;
-			buf[idx + 8] = (GLfloat) 0.f;
-		}
+	// store opengl id in SDL_Surface.userdat
+	image->userdata = (void*)(intptr_t) tex_id;
+	handles.texSurfaces.push_back(image);
 
-		// we've added 9 GLfloats per loop
-		idx += 9;
-	}
+	return true;
 }
 
-void
-fillHexLineBuffer(GLfloat buf[], int len, std::vector<hex_info>* hexes)
+v2f
+getUnprojectedCoords(int32 x, int32 y, int32 vp_width, int32 vp_height)
 {
-	Point p1, p2;
-	int idx = 0;
-	for (int i = 0; i < (int) hexes->size(); i++)
-	{
-		hex_info hxi = (*hexes)[i];
-		for (int j = 0; j < 6; j ++)
-		{
-			if (j == 5) // wrap
-			{
-				p1 = hxi.vertices[j];
-				p2 = hxi.vertices[0];
-			}
-			else
-			{
-				p1 = hxi.vertices[j];
-				p2 = hxi.vertices[j + 1];
-			}
+	// NOTE: using depth buffer may not be as accurate as doing ray-cast
+	GLfloat depth;
+	glReadPixels(x, y, 1, 1, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, GL_FLOAT, &depth);
+	glm::vec4 viewport = glm::vec4(0, 0, vp_width, vp_height);
+	glm::vec3 wincoord = glm::vec3(x, y, depth);
+	glm::vec3 vU = glm::unProject(wincoord, g_scene_matrices.view, g_scene_matrices.projection, viewport);
+	v2f v(vU.x, vU.y);
 
-			buf[idx + 0] = p1.x;
-			buf[idx + 1] = p1.y;
-			buf[idx + 2] = 0.f;
-			buf[idx + 3] = p2.x;
-			buf[idx + 4] = p2.y;
-			buf[idx + 5] = 0.f;
-			idx += 6;
-		}
-	}
+	return v;
 }
 
-bool
-initHexGridBuffers(std::vector<hex_info>* hexes)
+v3f
+getCameraPosition()
 {
-#if 0
-	// TODO: index duplicate vertices
-	// 6 triangles * 3 vertices per triangle * 3 floats per vertex = 54
-	uint vbuf_len = hexes->size() * 6 * 3 * 3;
-	uint line_vertices_per_hex = 6 * 2; // 12 vertices since we're using line segments atm
-	uint line_buf_len = hexes->size() * line_vertices_per_hex * 3; // 3 floats per vertex
-
-	gl_buffer& vbuf = * rgInitGLBuffer(&g_filled_hex_render_group.vertex_buffer, vbuf_len);
-	gl_buffer& cbuf = * rgInitGLBuffer(&g_filled_hex_render_group.color_buffer, vbuf_len);
-	gl_buffer& normal_buf = * rgInitGLBuffer(&g_filled_hex_render_group.normal_buffer, vbuf_len);
-	gl_buffer& line_buf = * rgInitGLBuffer(&g_hex_line_render_group.vertex_buffer, line_buf_len);
-
-	if (!vbuf.buffer || !cbuf.buffer || !line_buf.buffer || !normal_buf.buffer)
-		return false;
-
-	for (uint i = 0; i < hexes->size(); i++)
-		fillTriangleBufferFromHex(vbuf.buffer, 54 * i, (*hexes)[i]);
-
-	rgSendBufferToGL(&vbuf,	GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
-
-	// color data for hex vertices
-
-	rgFillColorBuffer(cbuf.buffer, vbuf_len, hexes);
-	rgSendBufferToGL(&cbuf,	GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
-
-	// cheat at vertex normals since all hexes lay flat on z-axis
-	
-	for (uint i = 0; i < vbuf_len; i += 3) {
-		normal_buf.buffer[i] = 0;
-		normal_buf.buffer[i + 1] = 0;
-		normal_buf.buffer[i + 2] = 1;
-	}
-	rgSendBufferToGL(&normal_buf, GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
-	g_filled_hex_render_group->use_normals = true;
-
-	// hex line vertex data
-
-	fillHexLineBuffer(line_buf.buffer, line_buf_len, hexes);
-	g_hex_line_render_group->vertex_buffer.buffer_len = line_buf_len;
-	rgSendBufferToGL(&line_buf,	GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
-	// TODO: add a color buffer to hex_line and debug render groups to re-use
-	// 	fragment shaders and simplify draw rgDraw()
-#endif
-	return true;
+	return v3f(g_camera.position.x, g_camera.position.y, g_camera.position.z);
 }
 
 bool
 createScene(std::vector<hex_info>* hexes, Entity* entities, uint32 entity_count)
 {
+	// entities
+
+	for (uint i = 0; i < entity_count; i++) {
+		rgInitEntity(&entities[i]);
+		entities[i].ren_group->shader = g_default_shader;
+	}
+
 	initMatrices(PROJ_TYPE);
 
 	if (!initHexGridBuffers(hexes))
 		return false;
 
 	// debug draw vertices
-#if 0
-	rgInitGLBuffer(&g_debug_render_group->vertex_buffer, 4 * 3); // 4 vertices * 3 floats per vertex
-
-	if (!g_debug_render_group->vertex_buffer.buffer)
-		return false;
 
-	rgSendBufferToGL(&g_debug_render_group->vertex_buffer, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
-#endif
-	// entities
+	uint debug_buf_len = 12; // 4 vertices, 3 floats per vertex
+	g_debug_render_group = rgInitSingle(g_default_shader, debug_buf_len, true, 0, GL_LINE_LOOP);
 
-	const char* vs_code = utilDumpTextFile(DEFAULT_VERTEX_SHADER_FILE);
-	const char* fs_code = utilDumpTextFile(DEFAULT_FRAGMENT_SHADER_FILE);
-	rg_shader_program sp;
+	if (g_debug_render_group == nullptr)
+		return false;
 
-	bool shader_errors = !rgInitShaderProgram(sp, vs_code, fs_code);
-	utilSafeFree(vs_code);
-	utilSafeFree(fs_code);
+	gl_buffer& debug_vertex_buf = g_debug_render_group->render_objects[0]->vertex_buffer;
+	gl_buffer& debug_color_buf = g_debug_render_group->render_objects[0]->color_buffer;
+	gl_buffer& debug_normal_buf = g_debug_render_group->render_objects[0]->normal_buffer;
 
-	if (shader_errors)
-		return false;
+	for (uint i = 0; i < debug_buf_len; i += 3) {
+		debug_color_buf.buffer[i] = 1.f;
+		debug_color_buf.buffer[i + 1] = 0.f;
+		debug_color_buf.buffer[i + 2] = 0.f;
 
-	for (uint i = 0; i < entity_count; i++) {
-		rgInitEntity(&entities[i]);
-		entities[i].ren_group->shader = sp;
+		debug_normal_buf.buffer[i] = 0.f;
+		debug_normal_buf.buffer[i + 1] = 0.f;
+		debug_normal_buf.buffer[i + 2] = 1.f;
 	}
 
+	rgBufferData(&debug_vertex_buf, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
+	rgBufferData(&debug_color_buf, GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
+	rgBufferData(&debug_normal_buf, GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
+
 	// lights
+
 	// TODO: load light properties from scene/level files
 
 	//g_test_light.light_ID = glGetUniformLocation(g_entity_render_group.program_id, "light_position");
@@ -558,49 +376,41 @@ renderFrame(std::vector<hex_info> *hexes, Entity* entities, uint32 entity_count)
 	glClearColor(g_clear_col.R, g_clear_col.G, g_clear_col.B, g_clear_col.A);
 	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
 
-	//glm::mat4 m_model = g_scene_matrices.model;
+	glm::mat4 m_model = g_scene_matrices.model;
 	glm::mat4 m_view = g_scene_matrices.view;
 	glm::mat4 m_projection = g_scene_matrices.projection;
 
 	// filled hexes
 
-#if 0
 	// get new colors every frame
-	gl_render_group* rg = g_filled_hex_render_group;
-	rgFillColorBuffer(rg->color_buffer.buffer, rg->color_buffer.buffer_len, hexes);
-	rgDraw(rg, GL_TRIANGLES, m_model, m_view, m_projection,
+	render_group* rg = g_filled_hex_render_group;
+	gl_buffer& color_buf = rg->render_objects[0]->color_buffer;
+	fillColorBuffer(color_buf.buffer, color_buf.buffer_len, hexes);
+	rgDraw(rg, m_model, m_view, m_projection,
 		g_test_light.position, g_test_light.light_ID);
 
 	// hex lines
-
-	rgDraw(g_hex_line_render_group, GL_LINES, m_model, m_view, m_projection,
-		g_test_light.position, g_test_light.light_ID);
-#endif
+	rgDraw(g_hex_line_render_group, m_model, m_view, m_projection,
+			g_test_light.position, g_test_light.light_ID);
 
 	// entities
 	for (uint i = 0; i < entity_count; i++) {
-		rgDraw(
-			entities[i].ren_group, entities[i].world_transform , m_view, m_projection,
-			g_test_light.position, g_test_light.light_ID
-		);
+		rgDraw(entities[i].ren_group, entities[i].world_transform , m_view, m_projection,
+			g_test_light.position, g_test_light.light_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 void
 renderDebug(std::vector<Point> &vertices)
 {
-#if 0
-	// TODO: indexed line drawing
-	// copy vertices to render group
-	GLfloat* buf = g_debug_render_group->vertex_buffer.buffer;
+	GLfloat* buf = g_debug_render_group->render_objects[0]->vertex_buffer.buffer;
 	buf[0] = vertices[0].x; buf[1] = vertices[0].y; buf[2] = 0;
 	buf[3] = vertices[1].x; buf[4] = vertices[1].y; buf[2] = 0;
 	buf[6] = vertices[2].x; buf[7] = vertices[2].y; buf[8] = 0;
 	buf[9] = vertices[3].x; buf[10] = vertices[3].y; buf[11] = 0;
 
-	rgDraw(g_debug_render_group, GL_LINE_LOOP, g_scene_matrices.model, g_scene_matrices.view,
+	rgDraw(g_debug_render_group, g_scene_matrices.model, g_scene_matrices.view,
 		g_scene_matrices.projection, g_test_light.position, g_test_light.light_ID, true);
-#endif
 }
 
 void
@@ -616,3 +426,231 @@ freeBuffers()
 		rgFree(group);
 }
 
+
+// internal
+
+void
+initMatrices(projection_type p)
+{
+	// TODO: many constants used here should be passed as args
+
+	if (p == PERSPECTIVE)
+	{
+		g_scene_matrices.projection = glm::infinitePerspective(
+			glm::radians(60.f), // FoV
+			16.f / 9.f, // ascpect ratio
+			0.1f // near clip plane
+		);
+
+		g_camera.position = glm::vec3(640,0,100);
+		g_camera.target = glm::vec3(640,500,0);
+		//g_camera.target = glm::vec3(0,0,0);
+		// inital rotation should match target direction
+		glm::vec3 &p = g_camera.position;
+		glm::vec3 &t = g_camera.target;
+		g_camera.hAngle = 0;
+		g_camera.vAngle = glm::atan((t.z - p.z) / (t.y - p.y));
+
+		//////
+		// TODO: add call to rotate camera here to remove duplicate code
+		camera &c = g_camera;
+		float &h = c.hAngle;
+		float &v = c.vAngle;
+		c.forward = glm::vec3(
+			glm::cos(v) * glm::sin(h),
+			glm::cos(v) * glm::cos(h),
+			glm::sin(v)
+		);
+
+		glm::normalize(c.forward);
+		//////
+
+		g_camera.up = glm::vec3(0,1,0);
+		g_camera.left = glm::normalize(glm::cross(g_camera.up, g_camera.forward));
+		g_camera.up = glm::normalize(glm::cross(g_camera.forward, g_camera.left));
+
+		g_scene_matrices.view = glm::lookAt(
+			g_camera.position, // camera position
+			g_camera.position + g_camera.forward,
+			g_camera.up // "up" vector
+		);
+	}
+	else // ORTHO
+	{
+		// left, right, bottom, top, zNear, zFar
+		g_scene_matrices.projection = glm::ortho(0.f, 1280.0f, 0.f, 720.0f, 0.1f, 100.0f);
+		g_scene_matrices.view = glm::lookAt(
+			glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f),	// camera position
+			glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),	// look at position
+			glm::vec3(0,1,0)				// "up" vector
+		);
+	}
+
+	g_scene_matrices.model = glm::mat4(1.0f);
+	g_scene_matrices.MVP = g_scene_matrices.projection * g_scene_matrices.view * g_scene_matrices.model;
+}
+
+void
+openglDebugCallback(GLenum source, GLenum type, GLuint id, GLenum severity,
+					GLsizei length, const GLchar* message, const void* userParam)
+{
+	LOG((type == GL_DEBUG_TYPE_ERROR) ? ERROR : DEBUG)
+		<< (type == GL_DEBUG_TYPE_ERROR ? "** GL ERROR **" : "")
+		<< ", type: " << type
+		<< ", severity: " << severity
+		<< ", message: " << message << "\n";
+}
+
+bool
+initHexGridBuffers(std::vector<hex_info>* hexes)
+{
+	// TODO: index duplicate vertices
+	// 6 triangles * 3 vertices per triangle * 3 floats per vertex = 54
+	uint line_vertices_per_hex = 6 * 2; // 12 vertices since we're using line segments atm
+	uint line_buf_len = hexes->size() * line_vertices_per_hex * 3; // 3 floats per vertex
+	uint vbuf_len = hexes->size() * 6 * 3 * 3;
+
+	g_filled_hex_render_group = rgInitSingle(g_default_shader, vbuf_len, true);
+
+	if (g_filled_hex_render_group == nullptr)
+		return false;
+
+	gl_buffer& vbuf = g_filled_hex_render_group->render_objects[0]->vertex_buffer;
+	gl_buffer& cbuf = g_filled_hex_render_group->render_objects[0]->color_buffer;
+	gl_buffer& normal_buf = g_filled_hex_render_group->render_objects[0]->normal_buffer;
+
+	for (uint i = 0; i < hexes->size(); i++)
+		fillTriangleBufferFromHex(vbuf.buffer, i * 54, (*hexes)[i]);
+
+	rgBufferData(&vbuf,	GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
+	fillColorBuffer(cbuf.buffer, vbuf_len, hexes);
+	rgBufferData(&cbuf, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
+
+	// cheat at vertex normals since all hexes lay flat on z-axis
+
+	for (uint i = 0; i < vbuf_len; i += 3) {
+		normal_buf.buffer[i] = 0.f;
+		normal_buf.buffer[i + 1] = 0.f;
+		normal_buf.buffer[i + 2] = 1.f;
+	}
+	rgBufferData(&normal_buf, GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
+
+	// hex lines
+
+	g_hex_line_render_group = rgInitSingle(g_default_shader, line_buf_len, true, 0, GL_LINES);
+
+	if (g_hex_line_render_group == nullptr)
+		return false;
+
+	gl_buffer& line_buf = g_hex_line_render_group->render_objects[0]->vertex_buffer;
+	gl_buffer& line_color_buf = g_hex_line_render_group->render_objects[0]->color_buffer;
+	gl_buffer& line_normal_buf = g_hex_line_render_group->render_objects[0]->normal_buffer;
+	fillHexLineBuffer(line_buf.buffer, line_buf_len, hexes);
+	rgBufferData(&line_buf, GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
+
+	for (uint i = 0; i < line_buf_len; i++)
+		line_color_buf.buffer[i] = 0.f;
+
+	rgBufferData(&line_color_buf, GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
+
+	for (uint i = 0; i < line_buf_len; i += 3) {
+		line_normal_buf.buffer[i] = 0.f;
+		line_normal_buf.buffer[i + 1] = 0.f;
+		line_normal_buf.buffer[i + 2] = 1.f;
+	}
+
+	rgBufferData(&line_normal_buf, GL_STATIC_DRAW, GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+void
+fillTriangleBufferFromHex(GLfloat buf[], int idx,  const hex_info &hex)
+{
+	// triangles
+	for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
+	{
+		// vertex 0
+		buf[idx + 0] = (GLfloat) hex.XPos;
+		buf[idx + 1] = (GLfloat) hex.YPos;
+		buf[idx + 2] = (GLfloat) 0.f;
+
+		// vertex 1
+		buf[idx + 3] = (GLfloat) hex.vertices[i].x;
+		buf[idx + 4] = (GLfloat) hex.vertices[i].y;
+		buf[idx + 5] = (GLfloat) 0.f;
+
+		if (i == 5)	// re-use the first point for the last triangle
+		{
+			// vertex 2
+			buf[idx + 6] = (GLfloat) hex.vertices[0].x;
+			buf[idx + 7] = (GLfloat) hex.vertices[0].y;
+			buf[idx + 8] = (GLfloat) 0.f;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// vertex 2
+			buf[idx + 6] = (GLfloat) hex.vertices[i + 1].x;
+			buf[idx + 7] = (GLfloat) hex.vertices[i + 1].y;
+			buf[idx + 8] = (GLfloat) 0.f;
+		}
+
+		// we've added 9 GLfloats per loop
+		idx += 9;
+	}
+}
+
+void
+fillColorBuffer(GLfloat buf[], int len, std::vector<hex_info>* hexes)
+{
+	int buf_idx;
+	int buf_len_per_hex = 54; // NOTE: 3 * 3 * 6
+	GLfloat color_buf[3];
+	for (int i = 0; i < (int) hexes->size(); i++)
+	{
+		buf_idx = i * buf_len_per_hex;
+		hex_info hxi = (*hexes)[i];
+		// TODO: check performance of this since we call multiple times per frame
+		// 	maybe can cache glfloat triplets somewhere
+		utilConvertColor(color_buf, hxi.current_color);
+
+		for (int j = 0; j < buf_len_per_hex; j+=3)
+		{
+			buf[buf_idx + j] = color_buf[0];
+			buf[buf_idx + j + 1] = color_buf[1];
+			buf[buf_idx + j + 2] = color_buf[2];
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void
+fillHexLineBuffer(GLfloat buf[], int len, std::vector<hex_info>* hexes)
+{
+	Point p1, p2;
+	int idx = 0;
+	for (int i = 0; i < (int) hexes->size(); i++)
+	{
+		hex_info hxi = (*hexes)[i];
+		for (int j = 0; j < 6; j ++)
+		{
+			if (j == 5) // wrap
+			{
+				p1 = hxi.vertices[j];
+				p2 = hxi.vertices[0];
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				p1 = hxi.vertices[j];
+				p2 = hxi.vertices[j + 1];
+			}
+
+			buf[idx + 0] = p1.x;
+			buf[idx + 1] = p1.y;
+			buf[idx + 2] = 0.f;
+			buf[idx + 3] = p2.x;
+			buf[idx + 4] = p2.y;
+			buf[idx + 5] = 0.f;
+			idx += 6;
+		}
+	}
+}

src/util.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 
+#include <cassert>
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <cstdio>
 
@@ -41,6 +42,8 @@ utilLogAlloc(uint item_count, uint type_size, const char* file_name, const int l
 					<< file_name << ":" << line;
 	}
 
+	assert(mem != nullptr); // might as well stop execution here
+
 	return mem;
 }